Mubarak trial resumes behind doors

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This day in #History 201013

This day in #History
October 20th





1603 - Chinese uprising in Philippines fails after 23,000 killed

1634 - English King Charles I disbands new "Ship Money" tax

1714 - Georg Ludwig von Hannover crowned as English King George I

1740 - Maria Theresa became ruler of Austria, Hungary & Bohemia

1751 - Royal ship Duc de Bourgogne launched at Rochefort

1774 - Continental Congress orders discouragment of entertainment

1781 - Patent of Toleration, providing limited freedom of worship , was approved in Habsburg Monarchy .

1786 - Harvard University organizes 1 st
astronomical expedition in US

1803 - US Senate ratifies Louisiana Purchase

1813 - German Kingdom of Westphalia abolished

1817 - 1 st Mississippi "Showboat, " leaves Nashville
on maiden voyage

1818 - 49 th parallel forms as border between US &
Canada

1818 - US & Britain agree to joint control of Oregon
country

1820 - Spain sells part of Florida to US for $ 5 million

1822 - 1 st edition of London Sunday Times

1864 - US President Lincoln formally establishes
Thanksgiving as a national holiday

1880 - Amsterdam Free University opens

1883 - Treaty of Ancon, Peru cedes Tarapaca to
Chile


1903 - US wins disputed boundary between District
of Alaska & Canada

1905 - Great General Strike in Russia begins ; lasts
11 days

1905 - Russian Tsar allows Polish people to speak
Polish

1906 - Dr Lee DeForest demonstrated his electrical
vacuum tube ( radio tube)

1908 - King Leopold II sells Congo to Belgium

1935 - Mao Tse Tung & his Communist forces ended
their "Long March" at Yan' an, in Shaanxi China

1936 - Spanish government moves to Barcelona

1952 - Emergency crisis proclaimed in Kenya

1963 -  South Africa begins trial of Nelson Mandela & 8  others on conspiracy

1970 - American Norman Borlaug awarded the
Nobel Peace Prize

1970 - Zond 8 Launch ( Moon Orbit & Return)

1971 - West German Chancellor Willy Brandt is
awarded Nobel Peace Prize

1979 - JohnF Kennedy Library dedicated in Boston

2011 - The former leader of Libya, Muammar
Gaddafi , and his son Moatassem Gaddafi are killed
shortly after the battle of Sirte (2011 ) while in the
custody of NTC fighters







FAMOUS BIRTHDAYS

1891 - James Chadwick, English physicist
(discovered neutron)

1891 - Jomo Kenyatta, Gatundu Kenya, Kenyan leader and 1st Premier (1963 -78)

1971 - Snoop Dogg [Calvin Broadus], Long Beach , California, rapper

FAMOUS DEATHS

1871 - Charles Babbage, English mathematician/inventor (calculator ) , dies at 78

1876 - Jeronimo de Bosch Kemper , Dutch
sociologist/historian , dies at 68

1890 - Sir Richard Burton, British explorer and writer
(b . 1821 )

1964 - Herbert Hoover , 31st president of US
(1929 -33) , dies in NY at 90

1984 - Carl Ferdinand Cori, Austrian -born
biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine (b . 1896 )

1984 - Paul Dirac, English physicist, Nobel Prize
laureate, dies at 82

1986 - Samora Machel , president of Mozambique,
dies in air crash at 53

2011 - Muammar Gaddafi , Ruler of Libya ( b. 1942 )

2011 - Moatassem Gaddafi , Son of Moammar
Gaddafi and National Security Adviser of Libya ( b.
1977)

This day in #History 191013

This day in #History
October 19th



202 BC - Battle of Zama: Hannibal Barca, leader of the invading Carthaginian army, defeated by Roman legions under Scipio Africanus.

439 - The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in North Africa.

1453 - 2nd Battle at Castillon: French beats English, end of hundred year war

1466 - The Thirteen Years' War ends with the Second Peace of Thorn, Germany

1492 - Columbus sites "Isabela" (Fortune Island, Bahamas)

1512 - Martin Luther becomes a doctor of theology (Doctor in Biblia).

1576 - Dutch provinces begin consultation about Spanish existence

1722 - Frenchman C Hopffer patents fire extinguisher

1781 - British General Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown at 2 pm; Revolutionary War ends

1812 - Napoleon begins his retreat from Moscow

1822 - In Parnaíba; Simplício Dias da Silva, João Cândido de Deus e Silva and Domingos Dias declare the independent state of Piauí.

1853 - 1st flour mill in Hawaii begins operations

1872 - World's largest gold nugget (215 kg) found in New South Wales

1879 - Afghan's emir Mohammed Yakub forced to resign

1879 - Thomas Edison demonstrates electric light

1901 - Santos-Dumont proves airship maneuverable by circling Eiffel Tower

1912 - Tripoli (Libya) passes from Turkish to Italian control

1915 - Russia/Italy declares war on Bulgaria

1925 - Italian army takes Somalia
1926 - John C Garand patents semi-automatic rifle

1926 - Russian Politburo throws out Leo Trotsky & followers

1960 - France grants Mauritania independence

1960 - Martin Luther King Jr arrested in Atlanta sit-in

1960 - US imposes embargo on exports to Cuba

1962 - Stalin monument removed in Prague

1974 - Niue becomes self - govering, in association
with New Zealand

1976 - Battle of Aishiya in Lebanon . The same day ,
the Chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes) is placed on the
List of Endangered Species .

1981 - Nicolaas Bloembergen & Arthur Schawlow win
Nobel for physics (laser)

1983 - Senate establishes Martin Luther King Jr federal holiday

1988 - 3 Americans win Nobel in physics ; 3 W
Germans win chemistry Nobel

2005 - Saddam Hussein goes on trial in Baghdad for
crimes against humanity .







FAMOUS BIRTHDAYS

1868 - Bertha Landes, 1st woman elected mayor of a major US city (Seattle)

1899 - Miguel Asturias, Guatemala, poet/diplomat (Hombres de Maiz, Nobel 67), (d. 1974)

1910 - Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, India, astrophysicist (Nobel 1983)

1962 - Evander Holyfield, Atmore Ala , boxer (Oly - bronze-1988 )/ champ (1990 -92)

1967 - Amy Carter, Pres Carter's daughter/ peace
activist

FAMOUS DEATHS

1937 - Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand physicist (Nobel 1908), dies at 66

1993 - Roy Armstrong, English historian (Traditional buildings), dies at 91

1994 - Munavarsjo Nazrijev, vice-president of Tadzjikistan, dies

1994 - Oldrich Cernik, Czechoslovakia premier (1968-70), dies at 72

2003 - Alija Izetbegović, President of Bosnia-Herzegovina (b. 1925)

This day in #History

This day in #History
October 16th








456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western Roman Empire.

1311 - Council of Vienne ( 15th ecumenical council ) opens

1384 - Jadwiga is crowned King of Poland , although a woman.

1780 - Royalton , Vermont and Tunbridge, Vermont
last major raid of the American Revolutionary War .
1781 - Washington takes Yorktown

1793 - Battle of Wattignies.

1813 - Battle at Leipzig (Napoleon vs Prussia,
Austria & Russia )

1829 - Tremont Hotel, 1st US modern hotel opens
(Boston )

1834 - Much of the ancient structures of the Palace of Westminster ( parliament) in London is burnt down.

1841 - Queens University in Kingston is chartered

1843 - Sir William Rowan Hamilton comes up with
the idea of quaternions , a non -commutative
extension of complex numbers .

1846 - Dentist William T Morton demonstrates effectiveness of ether

1848 - 1 st US homeopathic medical college opens in Pennsylvania

1849 - Avery College establishes in Allegheny,
Pennsylvania

1849 - British seize Tigre Island in Gulf of Fonseca from Honduras

1875 - Brigham Young University is founded in
Provo , Utah.

1876 - Race riot at Cainhoy SC ( 5 whites & 1 black killed)

1882 - The Nickel Plate Railroad opens for business .


1905 - The Partition of Bengal ( India) occurred.

1915 - Great Britain declares war on Bulgaria

1916 - Margaret Sanger opens 1 st
birth control clinic ( 46 Amboy St, Bkln)

1916 - T E Lawrence (of Arabia) meets with Fasal Hoessein

1923 - Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio founded

1923 - John Harwood patents self -winding watch
(Switzerland )

1925 - Peace accord of Locarno signed (Rhine Pact)

1925 - Texas School Board prohibits teaching of
evolution

1926 - Mohammed Nadir Khan begins coup in
Afghanistan, 1200 killed

1934 - Mao Tse -tung & 25,000 troops begin 6,000 mile Long March

1939 - Sugar rationing begins in Netherlands

1953 - FidelCastrosentenced to15 years (Havana )

1962 - Cuban missile crisis began as JFK becomes aware of missiles in Cuba

1964 - China becomes world 's 5 th nuclear power

1973 - Kissinger & Le Duc Tho jointly awarded Nobel peace prize

1973 - Maynard Jackson elected 1 st black mayor of Atlanta

1978 - Nobel prize for economy awarded to Herbert A Simon

1985 - Nobel prize for chemistry awarded to Herbert Hauptman & Jerome Karle

1987 - Mike Tyson TKOs Tyrell Biggs in 7 for heavyweightboxing title

1989 - Bikenibau Paeniu installed as premier of
Tuvalu

1993 - GeneralOmar al -Bashirappointed Sudan president




FAMOUS BIRTHDAYS


1758 - Noah Webster , West
Hartford,Connecticut ,lexicographer (Webster's Dictionary) , ( d.1843)

1855 -Camille Looten,Belgianpriest/
literaturehistorian 1855 - Samedbey Mehmandarov, Russian general ( d . 1931 )

1861 - J . B. Bury, Irish historian (d . 1927)

1863 - Austen Chamberlain, British Foreign Secretary
(Nobel 1925 )

1886 - David Ben - Gurion, Plonsk Poland , 1st Prime Minister of Israel ( 1948- 53, 55 )

1888 - Eugene O' Neill, NYC, dramatist
(Desire Under the Elms-Nobel 1936)

1937 - Tom Monaghan, founder of Dominos pizza

FAMOUS DEATHS


775 - Mansur, kalief of Abbasiden , dies


1355 - Louis , King of Sicily , felled by the Black Death

1793 - Marie Antoinette,queen of France, beheaded at 37

1849 - George Washington Williams, 1 st major black historian, dies

1893 - Patrice MacMahon , duc de Magenta,
President of France (b . 1808

1951 - Liaquat Ali Khan , PM of Pakistan ( 1947- 51), assassinated by Said Akbar

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Social Business and the Pursuit of Happiness |

Social Business and the Pursuit of Happiness | Muhammad Yunus by  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/muhammad-yunus/social-business_b_4074094.html

The Wisdom of Youth: What Washington Can Learn From Johannesburg

The Wisdom of Youth: What Washington Can Learn From Johannesburg | David Jones by http://www.huffingtonpost.com/davidjones/the-wisdom-of-youth-what-_b_4077084.html

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This day in #History

This day in #History
October 11th


1687 - Hungary accepts Habsburgse sovereignty

1689 - Peter the Great becomes tsar of Russia


1811 - The Juliana , 1st steam-powered ferryboat,
begins operation

1852 - The University of Sydney , Australia 's oldest university, is inaugurated in Sydney.

1864 - Slavery abolished in Maryland

1864 - Campina Grande , Brazil was established as a city.

1868 - Thomas Edison patents his 1 st invention :
electric voice machine

1871 - Great Chicago Fire is finally extinguished
after 3 days , 300 killed

1881 - David Houston patents roll film for cameras

1887 - A Miles patents elevator

1890 - Daughters of American Revolution founded

1895 - Emperor Menelik II of Addis Ababa draws
against Italians

1899 - South African Boers declare war on Great
Britain

932 - Stalin forces Zinoviev & Kamenev out of
Communist Party

1936 - " Professor Quiz," 1 st radio quiz show
premieres

1939 - Albert Einstein informs FDR of possibilities of atomic bomb

1944 - Tuvinian People' s Republic or formerly Tannu Tuva was annexed by the U. S. S. R

1945 - Chinese civil war begins, Chiang Kai-Shek vs Mao Tse -Tung

1947 - Brazil & Chile break diplomatic relations with USSR


1958 - 2 nd US Moon probe , Pioneer 1 , reaches
113 ,810 km , falls back


1968 - Panama revolts

1971 - Switzerland recognizes North Vietnam

1972 - Panama adopts constitution

1976 - Mao Tse -Tung 's widow Jiang Qing & " Gang of Four," arrested & charged with plotting a coup

1978 - Aristides Royo elected president of Panama

1978 - Belgium government of Tindemans resigns

1979 - Allan McLeod Cormack & Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield win Nobel Prize for medicine for developing CAT scan

1990 - Center for Urban archaeology opens in NYC South Street Seaport Museum


1990 - Octavio Paz wins Nobel Prize for literature

2012 - Mo Yan, a hallucinatory realist writer , wins
the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature



FAMOUS BIRTHDAYS

1956 - Nicanor Duarte Frutos, President of Paraguay


1963 - Prince Faisal bin Al Hussein of Jordan




FAMOUS DEATHS


1779 - Casimir Pułaski , Polish born fighter for
American independence (b . 1745 ) dies in Battle of Savannah.


1850 - Louisa Maria , queen of Belgium ( 1832- 50)/ wife of Leopold I , dies at 38

1971 - Chesty Puller , the most decorated Marine in history ( b. 1898 )

This day in #History

This day in #History
October 10

680 - Al-Hussein and his followers killed at Karbala
by army of Yazid , the Umayyad caliph, on the way to
Kufa

1375 - Westfriese sea wall breaks flooding northern
Netherland

1549 - Duke of Somerset fired as Lord Protector &
imprisoned

1631 - Saxon army occupies Prague

1695 - King Willem III escapes South Netherlands
back to England

1720 - French government proclaims strike on
banknotes

1802 - 1 st non - Indian settlement in Oklahoma

1839 - British troops under Gen Charles Napier
occupy Beirut

1845 - Naval School ( now called US Naval Academy ) opens at Annapolis

1846 - Alexis de Tocqueville writes about "Algerian problem"

1846 - Neptune' s moon Triton discovered by William Lassell

1868 - Cuba revolts for independence against Spain

1874 - Fiji becomes a British possession

1911 - Sun Yat- sen 's revolutionaries overthrow
Manchus ( Taiwan Natl Day )

1913 - Yuan Shikai installed as 1st president of
China

1914 - German forces route Belgians in Antwerp
Belgium (WW I )

1932 - Dnjepr Dam in USSR put into operation
(world 's biggest )

1933 - 1 st synthetic detergent , " Dreft" by Procter & Gamble, goes on sale

1935 - League of Nations denounces Italian invasion of Abyssinia

1938 - Germany completed annexation of
Czechoslovakia' s Sudetenland

1943 - Chiang Kai -shek takes oath of office as
president of China

1970 - Fiji gains independence from Britain (National Day )

1975 - Israel formally signs Sinai accord with Egypt

1978 - Daniel Arap Moi succeeds Kenyatta as
president of Kenya

1982 - Hernan Siles Zuazo installed as president of Bolivia

1985 - Sudan adopts interim constitution

2012-  Robert Lefkowitz and Brian Kobilka win the 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for work on G protein -coupled receptors

BIRTHDAYS

1936 - Gerhard Ertl, German surface chemist Nobel laureate, 2007 .

1941 - Kenule Beeson Saro- Wiwa, writer /
environmentalist

2005 - Milton Obote , President of Uganda (b . 1925 )

DEATHS

413 BC - Nicias, Athens politician (Peace of Nicias),
killed at about 57

19 - Julius Caesar Germanicus , Roman commandant
of Rijnleger, dies at 33

680 - 10 Muharram 61 AH - Hussein ibn Ali (AS) ,
Shi'a Imam , Muhammad 's grandson (b . 626 )
beheaded

732 - Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, Moorish Governor of
Andalusia

833 - al -Ma 'mun, Abbasid caliph of Baghdad (b .
786 )

1359 - King Hugh IV of Cyprus ( b. 1295 )

CNN'S Richard Quest in an interview with World Bank Jim Yong Kim

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Canadian Mogul Paul Desmarais Dead at 86

Canadian Mogul Paul Desmarais Dead at 86  http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304500404579125750923537742.html?mod=fox_australian

Mexico's Congress Set to Dilute Tax

Mexico's Congress Set to Dilute Tax Plan  http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303382004579125863948318336.html?mod=fox_australian

Tanzania Raid Nets 11 with al -Shabaab Links

Tanzania Raid Nets 11 With al-Shabaab Links http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304500404579125542093731738.html?mod=fox_australian

U.N. Sued for Cholera Epidemic in Haiti

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This day in #History

This day in #History
October 9th



680 - Husain ibn ' Ali, Shi 'i religious leader, enters martyrdom

768 - Charlemagne and his brother Carloman I are crowned Kings of The Franks.

869 - Charles the Bare crowned king of Lotharingen

1000 - Leif Ericson discovers " Vinland " ( possibly New England)

1003 - Leif Erikson lands in L 'Anse aux Meadows, Canada , becoming the first European to reach America.

1192 - Richard I of England, the Lion Heart , leaves Jerusalem in disguise

1238 - James I of Aragon conquers Valencia and
founds the Kingdom of Valencia .

1290 - Last of 16, 000 English Jews expelled by King Edward I, leaves

1446 - The Hangul alphabet is published in Korea .
1558 - Mérida is founded in Venezuela.

1573 - Don Frederik disbands siege of Alkmaar

1595 - The Spanish army captures Cambrai.

1597 - Earl Mauritius occupies Breevoort

1621 - Turkey & Poland signs Peace of Chotin

1740 - Neth gov -general Adriaen Valckenier allows murder of 8000 Chinese inhabitants of Batavia

1760 - 7 Year 's War : Russian and Austrian forces occupy Berlin [OS= Sep 28 ].

1771 - The Dutch merchant ship Vrouw Maria sinksnear the coast of Finland .

1776 - Mission Dolores founded by SF Bay

1794 - French troops occupy Hertogenbosch


1804 - Hobart Tasmania founded

1806 - Prussia declares war on France.

1817 - University of Gent officially opens

1818 - Congress of Aken returns to France from
Libya

1820 - Guayaquil, Ecuador declares its freedom from Ecuador

1824 - Slavery is abolished in Costa Rica.

1831 - Ioannis Kapodistrias , Ist Head of State of
modern Greece, assassinated in Nafplion.

1835 - The Royal College, Colombo established with the name Hillstreet Academy in Sri Lanka.

1870 - Rome is incorporated into Italy by royal
decree

1874 - World Postal Union forms in Bern Switzerland

1899 - 1 st British troops reaches Durban , South
Africa

1899 - South Africa President Kruger routes British authorities ultimatum

1930 - 1 st transcontinental flight by a woman
completed, Laura Ingalls

1941 - A coup in Panama declares Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango the new president.

1942 - Statute of Westminster 1931 formalises
Australian autonomy.

1953 - British Prime Minister Winston Churchill
aproves Guyanese Constitution

1953 - Conrad Adenauer elected West German
chancellor

1961 - Tanganyika(Tanzania) becomes independent within
British Commonwealth

1962 - Uganda becomes independent from the
United Kingdom

1970 - Khmer Republic ( Cambodia) declares
independence

1975 - Soviet dissident Andrei Sakharov wins Nobel Peace Prize

1980 - Nobel prize for literature awarded to Czeslaw Milosz

1981 - Abolition of capital punishment in France.

1984 - Kathy Sullivan becomes 1st US woman to walk in space


2012 - Serge Haroche and David Wineland win the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physics for work on quantum optics


BIRTHDAYS


1852 - Hermann Emil Fischer , Euskirchen, Rhine Province, chemist , Nobel Prize laureate, (d . 1919)

1892 - Ivo Andric, Yugoslavia, novelist (Bridge on Drina, Nobel Prize for Literature 1961)


1899 - Bruce Catton , US , historian /writer ( Civil War )

1906 - Léopold Sédar Senghor, Senegalese poet and politician ( d . 2001 )

1950 - Jody Williams, American teacher and aid
worker, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize

1966 - David Cameron , British politician, PM



DEATHS


1831 - Ioannis Kapodistrias , President (1829 - 31) and founding father of modern Greece .

1873 - George Ormerod, English historian and
antiquarian (b . 1785 )

1934 - King Alexander , of Yugoslavia, killed by
Georgief (Croatian terrorist )

1943 - Pieter Zeeman , naturalist (Nobel 1902) , dies

1943 - Pieter Zeeman , naturalist (Nobel 1902) , dies

1967 - Ernesto "Che " Guevara, Argentine Marxist revolutionary and physician, executed in Bolivia at 39

1985 - Emílio Garrastazu Médici , president of Brazil
(b . 1905 )

1995 - Kukrit Pramoj, PM of Thailand (1975 -76) , dies at 84

1995 - Lord Home of Hirsel , cricket ( Middlesex player later British PM) , dies

1995 - Alec Douglas-Home , PM of Britain (1963 -64) ,dies

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This day in #History

This day in #History
October 8th


314 - Battle at Cibalae : emperor Constantine beats emperor Licinius

451 - Council of Chalcedon (4 th ecumenical council ) opens

876 - Battle at Andernach : Louis the Young beats Charles the Bare

1075 - Dmitar Zvonimir is crowned king of Croatia .

1085 - San Marcos minstery in Venice initiated

1480 - Great standing on the Ugra river, a standoff between the forces of Akhmat Khan, Khan of the Great Horde , and the Grand Duke Ivan III of Russia, which resulted in the retreat of the Tataro - Mongols and eventual disintegration of the Horde .

1492 - Columbus' fleet about 400 sea miles from Puerto Rico

1600 - San Marino adopts constitution

1604 - Supernova "Kepler' s nova" 1st sighted

1625 - Admiral George Villiers ' fleet sails from
Plymouth to Cadiz

1633 - Massachusetts Bay Colony forms its 1 st
government

1690 - Turkish troops occupy Belgrade

1712 - French hijacker Jacques Cassard seen on
Suriname coast

1740 - Chinese assault on Diestpoort Batavia

1769 - Captain James Cook is the first European to land in New Zealand (Poverty bay)

1775 - Officers decide to bar slaves & free blacks from Continental Army

1806 - British forces lay siege to French port of
Boulogne using Congreve rockets, invented by Sir William Congreve

1813 - Treaty of Ried between Bayern & Austria

1815 - Joachim Murats forces lands at Pizzo Italy

1818 - 2 English boxers are 1st to use padded
gloves

1821 - The government of General
José de San Martín establishes the Peruvian Navy .

1822 - 1 st eruption of Galunggung ( Java) sends boiling sludge into valley

1835 - Charles Darwin reaches James Island,
Galapagos archipelago , on HMS Beagle

1840 - 1 st Hawaiian constitution proclaimed

1856 - The Second Opium War or 2nd Anglo -
Chinese War : begins with the Arrow Incident on the Pearl River .

1860 - Telegraph line between LA & SF opens

1862 - Battle of Perryville, KY- Confederate invasion halted

1862 - Otto von Bismarck becomes chancellor of the German Empire

1879 - War of the Pacific: the Chilean Navy defeats the Peruvian Navy in the Battle of Angamos , Peruvian Admiral Miguel Grau is killed in the encounter .

1912 - Montenegro declares war on Turkey,
beginning 1 st Balkan War

1917 - Trotski named chairman of Petrograd Soviet

1933 - Martinez Barrios forms new Spanish
government

1821 - The government of General José de San Martín establishes the Peruvian Navy .

1932 - The Indian Air Force is established

1962 - Algeria admitted as 109 th member of UN

1963 - Sultan of Zanzibar cedes his mainland
possessions to Kenya

1970 - Soviet author Alexander I Solzhenitsyn wins Nobel Prize for Literature

1973 - Spyris Markezinis forms government in Greece

2012 - Hugo Chávez is re - elected as president of Venezuela for a fourth term

2012 - Mustafa A. G . Abushagur , the first elected Libyan Prime Minister , is voted out of office by the Libyan parliament

2012 - John B . Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka win the 2012 Nobel Prize for Medicine for their work on reprogramming end stage cells to become pluripotent


DEATHS

705 - Abd al -Malik , kalief of Damascus, dies

976 - Jelena of Zadar , Croatian queen

1286 - John I of Dreux , Duke of Brittany (b . 1217)

1317 - Fushimi , Emperor of Japan (b . 1265)

1945 - Herman T Colenbrander , historian, dies at 73

1869 - Franklin Peirce, 14th president (1853  -1857 ), dies in Concord NH at 64

This day in #History

This day in #History
October 8th


314 - Battle at Cibalae : emperor Constantine beats emperor Licinius

451 - Council of Chalcedon (4 th ecumenical council ) opens

876 - Battle at Andernach : Louis the Young beats Charles the Bare

1075 - Dmitar Zvonimir is crowned king of Croatia .

1085 - San Marcos minstery in Venice initiated

1480 - Great standing on the Ugra river, a standoff between the forces of Akhmat Khan, Khan of the Great Horde , and the Grand Duke Ivan III of Russia, which resulted in the retreat of the Tataro - Mongols and eventual disintegration of the Horde .

1492 - Columbus' fleet about 400 sea miles from Puerto Rico

1600 - San Marino adopts constitution

1604 - Supernova "Kepler' s nova" 1st sighted

1625 - Admiral George Villiers ' fleet sails from
Plymouth to Cadiz

1633 - Massachusetts Bay Colony forms its 1 st
government

1690 - Turkish troops occupy Belgrade

1712 - French hijacker Jacques Cassard seen on
Suriname coast

1740 - Chinese assault on Diestpoort Batavia

1769 - Captain James Cook is the first European to land in New Zealand (Poverty bay)

1775 - Officers decide to bar slaves & free blacks from Continental Army

1806 - British forces lay siege to French port of
Boulogne using Congreve rockets, invented by Sir William Congreve

1813 - Treaty of Ried between Bayern & Austria

1815 - Joachim Murats forces lands at Pizzo Italy

1818 - 2 English boxers are 1st to use padded
gloves

1821 - The government of General
José de San Martín establishes the Peruvian Navy .

1822 - 1 st eruption of Galunggung ( Java) sends boiling sludge into valley

1835 - Charles Darwin reaches James Island,
Galapagos archipelago , on HMS Beagle

1840 - 1 st Hawaiian constitution proclaimed

1856 - The Second Opium War or 2nd Anglo -
Chinese War : begins with the Arrow Incident on the Pearl River .

1860 - Telegraph line between LA & SF opens

1862 - Battle of Perryville, KY- Confederate invasion halted

1862 - Otto von Bismarck becomes chancellor of the German Empire

1879 - War of the Pacific: the Chilean Navy defeats the Peruvian Navy in the Battle of Angamos , Peruvian Admiral Miguel Grau is killed in the encounter .

1912 - Montenegro declares war on Turkey,
beginning 1 st Balkan War

1917 - Trotski named chairman of Petrograd Soviet

1933 - Martinez Barrios forms new Spanish
government

1821 - The government of General José de San Martín establishes the Peruvian Navy .

1932 - The Indian Air Force is established

1962 - Algeria admitted as 109 th member of UN

1963 - Sultan of Zanzibar cedes his mainland
possessions to Kenya

1970 - Soviet author Alexander I Solzhenitsyn wins Nobel Prize for Literature

1973 - Spyris Markezinis forms government in Greece

2012 - Hugo Chávez is re - elected as president of Venezuela for a fourth term

2012 - Mustafa A. G . Abushagur , the first elected Libyan Prime Minister , is voted out of office by the Libyan parliament

2012 - John B . Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka win the 2012 Nobel Prize for Medicine for their work on reprogramming end stage cells to become pluripotent


DEATHS

705 - Abd al -Malik , kalief of Damascus, dies

976 - Jelena of Zadar , Croatian queen

1286 - John I of Dreux , Duke of Brittany (b . 1217)

1317 - Fushimi , Emperor of Japan (b . 1265)

1945 - Herman T Colenbrander , historian, dies at 73

1869 - Franklin Peirce, 14th president (1853  -1857 ), dies in Concord NH at 64

This day in #History

This day in #History
October 6th



1499 - French king Louis XII occupies Milan

1567 - Duke of Alva becomes land guardian of
Netherlands

1683 - 13 Mennonite families from Germany found
Germantown Pa (Phila )

1689 - Pietro Ottoboni replaces Pope Innocent XI as
Alexander VIII

1762 - English troops occupy Manila Philippines

1781 - Americans & French begin siege of Cornwallis
at Yorktown ; last battle of Revolutionary War

1783 - Benjamin Hanks patents self -winding clock

1789 - French Revolution: Louis XVI returns to Paris
from Versailles after being confronted by the Parisian
women on 5 October

1799 - Battle at Castricum: French & Bataafs army
beats English/ Russian army

1811 - French emperor Napoleon visits Utrecht

1849 - The execution of the 13 Martyrs of Arad after
the Hungarian war of independence .

1861 - Revolt of Russian student shuts down
university of Petersburg

1863 - Battle at Baxter Springs Kansas

1863 - Dr Charles H Sheppard opens 1 st public bath,
in Brooklyn

900 - Britain annexes Orange Free State ( as Orange
River Colony )

1903 - The High Court of Australia sits for the first
time.

1906 - The Majlis of Iran convened for the first time.

1908 - Austria annexes Bosnia & Herzegovina

1919 - Stambuliski becomes premier of Bulgaria

1922 - Schwebla replaces Benes government in
Czechoslavakia

1922 - The great powers of the first world war
withdraw from Istanbul

1923 - 2 nd government of Stresemann in Germany
forms

1928 - Generalissimo Chiang Kai - shek becomes
president of China

1939 - Adolf Hitler denies he intends to go to war
against France & Britain

1939 - Hitler announces plans to regulate Jewish
problem

1939 - Last Polish army is defeated in World War

1949 - Pres Harry Truman signs Mutual Defense Assistance Act (for NATO)

1951 - Stalin proclaims Russia has atom bomb

1956 - Dr Albert Sabin discovers oral polio vaccine

1973 - Yom Kippur War begins as Syria & Egypt
attack Israel

1976 - John Hathaway completes 50,600 mile
bicycle tour of every continent

1976 - Pres Ford says there is "no Soviet domination
in Eastern Europe"

1978 - Iraq declares Ayatollah Khomeini an
undesirable person

1979 - Pope John Paul II is 1st Pope to visit White House

1980 - Guyana adopts constitution

1987 - Milt coup leader Maj- Gen Sitiveni Rabuka
declares Fiji a republic

1994 - - 9] European Campaign against Racism
confers in Austria

1994 - Ben Mokoena becomes 1 st black mayor of
Middelburg South Africa

2000 - Yugoslav president Slobodan Milošević
resigns.





BIRTHDAYS


1888 - Li Ta-chao , co -founder with Mao Tse -tung
(Chinese Communist Party )

1903 - Ernest Walton, Irish physicist, Nobel Prize
laureate (d . 1995)

1930 - Hafez al Assad, president ( Syria)

1940 - Boris Dmitriyevich Andreyev , Russia,
cosmonaut




DEATHS

404 - Eudoxia Aelia, empress of Austria, dies

877 - Charles II the Bald, King of France / Holy
Roman emperor (875 - 77), dies at 54

1014 - Samuel ( Samuil), ruler of Bulgaria, dies (b .
958 )

1072 - Sancho II , king of Castile (1065 -72 ),
murdered

1101 - Bruno of Cologne, German founder of the
Carthusian order

1214 - Alfonso VIII de Edele , king of Castile, dies

1413 - Dawit I , Emperor of Ethiopia ( b. 1382 )

1644 - Elisabeth ( In Spanish Isabel ) of Bourbon, wife
of Philip IV of Spain (b . 1602)

1651 - Heinrich Albert , German composer ( Arien oder
Melodien), dies at 47

1661 - Guru Har Rai , seventh Sikh Guru

1688 - Christopher Monck , 2 nd Duke of Albemarle ,
English statesman (b . 1652)

1819 - Charles Emanuel II , King of Sardinia
(1796 -1802 )/ Jesuit, dies

1892 - Alfred Lord Tennyson, writer and British Poet Laureate , dies at 83

1951 - Otto Fritz Meyerhof , German - born physician
and biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine ( b. 1884 )

2012 - Chadli Bendjedid , Algerian president, dies
from cancer at 83

This day in #History

This day in #History
October 5th

610 - Heraclius' fleet takes Constantinople

869 - 4th Council of Constantinople (8 th ecumenical
council) opens

1143 - The king Alfonso VII of Leon recognises
Portugal as a Kingdom.

1450 - Jews are expelled from Lower Bavaria by
order of Ludwig IX

1465 - French King Louis XI signs peace with
Charles the Stout

1511 - Eedgenootschap signs anti -French Saint
League

1582 - Gregorian calendar introduced in Italy, other
Catholic countries

1632 - Henry Casimir I appointed viceroy of
Groningen

1665 - The University of Kiel is founded.

1693 - Haarlem people's revolution due to food
shortages

1789 - French Revolution: Women of Paris march to
Versailles in the March on Versailles to confront
Louis XVI about his refusal to promulgate the
decrees on the abolition of feudalism , demand bread ,
and have the King and his court moved to Paris .

1793 - French Revolution: Christianity is
disestablished in France .

1796 - Spain declares war on England

1813 - Battle of Thames in Canada ; Americans
defeat British

1833 - Charles Darwin moves with Parana to Santa
Fe Bajada Argentina

1857 - The City of Anaheim was founded.

1862 - Battle of Big Hatchie River, MS

1862 - Federal fleet occupies Galveston , Texas

1867 - Last day of Julian calendar in Alaska

1903 - Sir Samuel Griffith is appointed the first Chief
Justice of Australia and Sir Edmund Barton and
Richard O 'Connor are appointed as foundation
justices.

1905 - Orville/ Wilbur Wright' s "Flyer III " flight 38. 5
km in 38.3 "

1908 - Bulgaria declares independence from Turkey,
Ferdinand I becomes Tsar

1910 - Portugal overthrows monarchy , proclaims
republic

1911 - Italian troops occupy Tripoli

1914 - World War I first aerial combat resulting in a
kill.

1915 - Bulgaria enters World War I as one of the
Central Powers .

1916 - Soldier Adolf Hitler is injured

1921 - Present constitution of Liechtenstein comes
into effect

1947 - 1 st Presidential address televised from White
House- Harry Truman

1952 - 19 th congress of Communist Party meets in
Moscow

1960 - British Labour party demands unilateral
nuclear disarmament

1961 - China & Nepal sign treaty

1978 - Isaac Bashevis Singer wins Nobel Prize for
literature
1978 - Sweden 's Fälldin government falls

1978 - Over 30 major nations ratify the
Environmental Modification Convention which
prohibits environmental modification techniques

1980 - Formal opening of meditation hall of Zenshin
Temple in Riverdale Bronx

1982 - Hernan Siles Zuazo appointed president of
Bolivia

1983 - Lech Walesa wins Nobel Peace Prize

1988 - Brazil adopts its Constitution

1988 - Chilean population agrees at referendum
against Pinochet regime

1988 - Israel bans Meir Kahane ' s Kach Party on
grounds of racism

2000 - Mass demonstrations in Belgrade lead to
resignation of Serbian strongman Slobodan
Milošević. These demonstrations are often called the
Bulldozer Revolution.

2001 - Robert Stevens becomes the first victim in the
2001 anthrax attacks.

2001 - Tom Ridge resigns as Governor of
Pennsylvania to become President Bush 's Homeland
Security Advisor .

BIRTHDAYS

1609 - Paul Fleming , writer

829 - Chester A . Arthur, Fairfield Vt, ( Republican)
21st American President ( 1881- 85)

1836 - George Washington Gordon , Brig Gen
(Confederate Army ), died in 1911

1840 - John Addington Symonds, Brit historian/
writer (Probs in Greek Ethics)

1844 - Francis William Reitz , State President of the
Orange Free State (d . 1934 )

1941 - Eduardo Duhalde, President of Argentina

DEATHS

578 - Justinus II , Byzantine emperor (565 - 78) , dies

1056 - Henry III , Holy Roman Emperor (b . 1017 )

1111 - Robrecht II of Jerusalem, Count of Flanders
(1 st Crusader) , dies

1112 - Sigebert of Gembloux , French chronicler
1285 - King Philip III of France ( b. 1245 )

1399 - Raymundus of Capua, Italian general , dies

1496 - Ferdinand II, king of Naples , dies

1990 - Meir Kahane , founder of Jewish defense
league, assassinated at 58

1976 - Lars Onsager, Norwegian chemist , Nobel
laureate (b . 1903)

2004 - Maurice Wilkins, New Zealand-born physicist,
Nobel laureate (b . 1916)

2004 - William H . Dobelle, American biomedical
engineer, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
nominee (b . 1941)

2007 - Justin Tuveri, Italian veteran of the First World
War (b . 1898)

1996 - Seymour Cray, computer designer, dies in
auto accident at 71

2010 - Mary Leona Gage , American beauty pageant
winner and actress ( b. 1939 )

2011 -  Steve Jobs,American Businessman, co-founder and CEO of Apple, dies from respiratory arrest at 56

2011 - Fred Shuttlesworth , American civil rights
activist ( b . 1922 )

2011 - Derrick Bell , American legal scholar and civil
rights advocate (b . 1930 )

2012 - Keith H .S . Campbell, British biologist , dies at
58

This day in #History

This day in #History
October 4th

1209 - Pope Innocent II crowns German king Otto of
Wittelsbach

1227 - Assassination of Caliph al - Adil .

1363 - End of the Battle of Lake Poyang ; the
Chinese rebel forces of Zhu Yuanzhang defeat that
of his rival, Chen Youliang , in one of the largest
naval battles in history.

1675 - Christian Huygens patents pocket watch

1693 - Battle of Marsaglia : Piedmontese troops are
defeated by the French.
1777 -
Battle of
Germantown: Gen George Washington 's troops
attack and are defeated by the British at
Germantown, Pennsylvania

1779 - The Fort Wilson Riot takes place.

1824 - Mexico becomes a republic

1830 - Provisional government declares secession of
Belgium from Netherlands

1864 - National black convention meets (Syracuse
NY)

1864 - New Orleans Tribune , 1 st black daily
newspaper, forms

1873 - Toronto Argonaut Football Club forms

1880 - University of California founded in Los
Angeles

1881 - Edward Leveaux patents automatic player
piano

1883 - Orient Express' 1 st run , linking Turkey to
Europe by rail

1883 - First meeting of the Boys ' Brigade in
Glasgow, Scotland .

1895 - Horace Rawlins wins 1 st US Open golf
tournament (Newport RI)

1910 - Portugal becomes a republic , King Manuel II
flees to England

1910 - Adoption of the Flag of Bermuda .

1921 -
League of
Nations refuses to assist starving Russians

1922 - Protocol of Genevia signed : Austria gains
independence

1931 - Juan Esteban Montero becomes president of
Chile

1932 - Anti- semite Julius Gombos forms new
government in Hungary

1949 - United Nations ' permanent NYC headquarters
is dedicated

1958 - Fifth Republic of France is established.

1963 - Gambia achieves full internal self -
government

1966 - Lesotho (Basutoland ) gains independence
from Britain (National Day )

1967 - Omar Ali Saifuddin III of Brunei abdicates in
favour of his son , His Majesty Sultan Hassanal
Bolkiah.

1969 - UN starts issuing postage stamps at Geneva
headquarters

1992 - The Rome General Peace Accords ends a 16
year civil war in Mozambique

2012 - Jordan ’s King Abdullah dissolves parliament
in preparation for new elections


BIRTHDAYS

1938 - Kurt Wüthrich, Swiss chemist , Nobel laureate

2005 - Prince Emmanuel of Belgium


DEATHS

1052 - Vladimir of Novgorod ( b. 1020)

1072 - Sancho II , king of Castile /bro of Alfonso VI,
murdered at about 35

1221 - William III Talvas , Count of Ponthieu (b .
1179)

1250 - Herman VI, Margrave of Baden

1305 - Emperor Kameyama of Japan ( b. 1249 )

1540 - Helius Eobanus Hessus , German humanist/
poet (Silvae ) , dies

1597 - Sarsa Dengel , Emperor of Ethiopia ( b . 1550 )

1862 - William Duncan Smith , US Confederate brig -
general, dies at 36

1910 - Sergey Muromtsev, Russian lawyer and
politician, and President of the First Imperial Duma
(b . 1850 )

1972 - Louis S B Leakey , archaeologist /
anthropologist, dies at 68

1974 - Anne Sexton , US poetess (Pulitzer 1967 ), dies
at 45

This day in #History

This day in #History
October 3rd

2333 BC - The state of Gojoseon ( Modern -day
Korea ) founded by Dangun Wanggeom during the
reign of the Chinese Emperor Yao.
52 BC - Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls , surrenders to the Romans under Julius Caesar , ending the siege and
battle of Alesia.

42 BC - First Battle of Philippi : Triumvirs Mark
Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with
Caesar's assassins Brutus and Cassius .

1143 - Cardinal Guido elected Pope Coelestinus II

1247 - Willem II of Holland elected Roman Catholic
German emperor

1283 - Dafydd ap Gruffydd, prince of Gwynedd in
Wales , becomes the first person executed by being
hanged, drawn and quartered.

1430 - Jews are expelled from Eger Bohemia
1735 - France & Emperor Karel VI sign peace accord
1739 - The
Treaty of
Nissa is signed by the Ottoman Empire and Russia at
the end of the Russian-Turkish War , 1736- 1739 .
1778 - Capt Cook anchors at Alaska
1789 - Washington proclaims 1st national
Thanksgiving Day on Nov 26
1835 - Staedtler Company was founded by J .S .
Staedtler in Nuremburg, Germany.

1849 - American author Edgar Allan Poe is found
delirious in a gutter in Baltimore , Maryland under
mysterious circumstances; it is the last time he is
seen in public before his death .

1862 - - 10] Battle of Corinth , Mississippi

1862 - Skirmish at Bardstown, Kentucky

1863 - Lincoln designates last Thursday in
November as Thanksgiving Day
1873 - Captain Jack and companions are hanged
for their part in the Modoc War .

1890 - Capt Guillaume of Kerckhoven marches into
Boma Congo

1899 - J S Thurman patents motor - driven vacuum
cleaner

1904 - France & Spain sign treaty for Morocco
Independence

1906 - SOS adopted as warning signal by 1st
conference on wireless telegraphy

1906 - US regime names Charles Magoon, governor
of Cuba

1918 - Boris becomes king of Bulgaria

1918 - Czar Ferdinand I of Bulgaria does distance of
throne

923 - Germany 's Stresemann resigns

1924 - King Hussein of Hedzjaz abdicts throne

1926 - 1 st congress of Paneuropabeweging opens in
Vienna

1926 - Violet Percy runs female record marathon
(3 :40: 22)

1929 - British Labour government recovers
diplomatic relations with USSR

1929 - Julius Curtius succeeds Stresemann as
German foreign minister

1929 - Kingdom of Serbs , Croats & Slovenes changes
name to Yugoslavia

1932 - Iraq gains full independence from Britain ,
joins League of Nations

1933 - Gustave "Staf" de Clerq forms Flemish
National Covenant1929 - British Labour government recovers
diplomatic relations with USSR


1929 - Julius Curtius succeeds Stresemann as
German foreign minister

1929 - Kingdom of Serbs , Croats & Slovenes changes
name to Yugoslavia

1932 - Iraq gains full independence from Britain ,
joins League of Nations

1933 - Gustave "Staf" de Clerq forms Flemish
National Covenant
1935 - Italy invades Ethiopia

1935 - Italy invades Ethiopia

1922 - 1 st facsimile photo send over city telephone
lines, Washington , DC

1941 - Adolf
Hitler says
Russia is " broken" & would " never rise again

1960 - Janio Quadros elected president of Brazil

1967 - King Boudouin inaugurates world 's biggest
floodgate (Antwerp)

1994 - Fernando Henrique Cardoso elected president
of Brazil


BIRTHDAYS

1605 - Li Tzu- ch'eng , Chinese revolutionary ,
dethroned last Ming emperor

1804 - Townsend Harris , 1 st Western consul to
reside in Japan
1844 - Patrick Manson, "Father of tropical medicine"

1854 - William Crawford Gorgas , US , Surgeon- Gen ,
help cure yellow fever

1869 - Alfred Flatow, German Olympic champion
gymnast ( d. 1942)

1894 - Walter Warlimont, German General WWII ( d.
1976)

1904 - Charles Pedersen , UK , biochemist ( Nobel
1987)

1957 - Tim Westwood , Pimp My Ride UK presenter
and


DEATHS

695 - "Black Ewald" , helper of Willibrord, murdered

695 - "White Ewald" , helper of Willibrord, murdered

1226 - Saint Francis of Assisi (b . 1181 )

1283 - Dafydd ap Gruffyd, last monarch of
Gwynnedd (North - Wales ), dies

1653 - Mark Zuesius Boxhorn, historian, dies at 41

1795 - Tula, leader Curacaose slave uprising,
executed

1867 - Elias Howe , American sewing machine
pioneer (b . 1819 )

1890 - Joseph Hergenröther , German historian (b .
1824)

1929 - Gustav Stresemann , German chancellor
(Nobel 1926 ), dies at 51

1996 - Denis Frank Owen, Natural historian, dies at
65

1996 - Tom ap Rees , botanist, dies at 65

1996 - Tony Parker, oral historian, dies at 73

1997 - Alfred Leslie Rowse, historian, dies at 93

2009 - Queen Fatima, former Libyan queen ( b. 1918)